Fig - Ficus carica

### 1. Appearance and Characteristics
The fig tree (Ficus carica) is a deciduous tree or shrub that can reach a height of 3-10 meters. The leaves are large, heart-shaped or lobed, and green. The flowers develop in hidden inflorescences, and the fruits are juicy, typically round or pear-shaped, with the most common colors being green, yellow, and purple.

### 2. Fruit
The fig fruit is sweet, juicy, and ripens at the end of summer. The fruits typically have a dense pulp and are extremely aromatic when ripe. The fruits also contain small, edible seeds.

### 3. Cultivation and Care
The fig tree should be grown in a mild climate and in well-drained soil. Propagation usually occurs through cuttings or grafting. The needs of the plant include adequate water and sunlight, so it is important that it receives sufficient sunlight. Weekly watering is adequate, and mulching the soil helps retain moisture.

### 4. Diseases and Pests
Figs can be affected by pests such as aphids and spider mites, and common diseases include fruit rot and powdery mildew. Regular monitoring and early control measures at the beginning of the growing season are recommended.

### 5. Harvest
Fig fruits should be harvested at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn when they are fully ripe. The fruits are soft and can be easily detached from the tree. It is advisable to store the fruits in a cool, dry place to increase shelf life.

### 6. Uses
Figs are consumed fresh but can also be dried and processed into jam or preserves. They add great flavor to salads, desserts, or even meat dishes. The fig leaves can also be used to flavor various dishes.

### 7. Economic Importance
The cultivation of figs can bring significant income to farmers, as the demand for the fruits continues to rise. Fig cultivation can be particularly profitable in Mediterranean regions, where the climate is favorable.

### Summary
The fig is a nutritious, tasty fruit with numerous uses. With proper care and harvesting, it also has outstanding economic significance. When caring for the plant, attention should be paid to pests and diseases to achieve the best possible yield.