Sourcherry – Érdi bőtermő – Prunus cerasus

The sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) is an extremely popular fruit tree, particularly appreciated in Hungary. The Érdi Bőtermő variety is one of the best-known and most beloved variants of sour cherry, which has won the hearts of both fruit growers and consumers with its excellent taste and abundant yield.

### Variety Description

**1. Appearance and Characteristics:**
The Érdi Bőtermő sour cherry tree is medium-sized and can reach a height of 3-5 meters. The crown of the tree has a dense, broad, and rounded shape, making it an attractive feature in gardens. The young branches are green and smooth, while the older branches have brown, cracked bark. In spring, the trees bloom abundantly with white or pink flowers that appear before the leaves. The blooming usually starts around mid-April, and the flowers attract a large number of bees, which helps with pollination and the development of the fruits.

**2. Fruit:**
The fruits of the Érdi Bőtermő sour cherry are medium-sized, typically 2-4 cm in diameter and round in shape. The skin is dark red, almost black, with a smooth surface. The flesh is juicy and has a sweet-tart flavor, making it suitable for both fresh consumption and processed forms. Due to its pronounced flavor and good texture, the Érdi Bőtermő sour cherry is very popular in the preparation of cakes, jams, and other sweet dishes.

**3. Cultivation and Care:**
The Érdi Bőtermő sour cherries thrive best in sunny locations, as they require sufficient light and warmth for their fruit to ripen. The soil should be well-draining and rich in nutrients. After planting, it is important to regularly water the young trees, especially during dry periods. Pruning is essential to shape the crown of the tree and promote optimal fruit distribution. A spring pruning helps to maintain the health of the trees and improves the quality of the fruits.

**4. Diseases and Pests:**
Sour cherry trees can be exposed to various diseases and pests. Common problems include Monilia, leaf spot disease, and other fungal infections. Additionally, aphids, cherry fruit flies, and other insects can threaten the harvest. To maintain the health of the trees, regular inspections and the application of necessary plant protection products are important. Biological control methods, such as using neem oil, also offer effective solutions against pests.

**5. Harvest:**
The fruits of the Érdi Bőtermő sour cherry usually ripen at the end of July. The ripeness of the fruits can be assessed based on color and firmness; the ripe cherries should feel slightly soft. The harvest is typically done by hand, ensuring that the fruits are not damaged, as damaged fruits spoil quickly.

**6. Uses:**
The Érdi Bőtermő sour cherry can be used not only fresh but also in many other forms, giving it a valuable place in kitchens and fruit processing. This fruit plays a key role in the following areas:

- **Fresh Consumption:** The taste of the Érdi Bőtermő sour cherry is pleasantly sweet-tart, making it ideal as a fresh snack. It is an excellent source of vitamins in salads or as a snack.

- **Jam and Preserves:** The Érdi Bőtermő sour cherry is famous for its jams and preserves, as its rich flavor enhances dishes. Cherry jam pairs excellently with baked goods, pancakes, or breads.

- **Cakes:** The cherry is a great ingredient in cakes, tarts, muffins, and other baked goods. The Érdi Bőtermő cherry holds its shape well when baked, adding a sweet or tart flavor to various pastries.

- **Alcoholic Beverages:** The cherry is also commonly used in the production of fruit brandies and liqueurs, as its flavor and aroma are incredibly rich and enhance the character of the drinks.