Cherry – Katalin – Prunus subg. Cerasus

The cherry (Prunus avium) is one of the most popular and widely distributed fruit trees, particularly appreciated in Hungary and other European countries. The Katalin cherry is a special variety known for its rich, sweet flavor and good yield. Below, this variety is described in detail.

### Variety Description

**1. Appearance and Characteristics:**
The Katalin cherry tree is medium-sized and typically reaches a height of 4-6 meters. The crown of the tree is broad and lush, providing an elegant appearance in the garden. The young branches are smooth and green, while the older branches develop a dark brown or gray, cracked bark. The leaves are large, oval, and shiny green with slightly wavy edges. In spring, the trees bloom abundantly with white or light pink flowers that appear before the leaves. This blooming generally begins in mid-April, and the nectar-rich flowers attract many bees, aiding in pollination.

**2. Fruit:**
The fruits of the Katalin cherry are large, typically measuring 2-4 cm in diameter and round in shape. Their skin is smooth and shiny, with a vibrant red color that looks particularly radiant in sunlight. The flesh is juicy, sweet, and has a pleasantly tart aftertaste, making it especially popular for fresh consumption. The ripening period is usually set for late June, allowing for enjoyable consumption during the hot summer months.

**3. Care:**
The Katalin cherry tree thrives best in sunny locations, as adequate light and warmth are essential for fruit development. The soil should have good drainage and be rich in nutrients to ensure optimal growth. After planting, it is important to regularly water the young trees, especially during the ripening period. Pruning is essential to maintain the shape of the crown and to promote air circulation, which helps ensure the optimal distribution of the fruits. Spring pruning is beneficial for the tree's health and increases the yield.

**4. Diseases and Pests:**
The Katalin cherry tree is relatively resistant to common diseases but can be susceptible to issues such as Monilia, leaf spot disease, and fruit rot. Aphids and cherry fruit flies can also pose threats to the fruits. Regular inspections and the application of necessary plant protection products are important for maintaining the health of the trees. Biological control methods, such as using neem oil, can help manage pests.

**5. Harvest:**
The fruits of the Katalin cherry usually ripen by late June. Ripeness can be assessed by color and firmness; ripe cherries should be slightly softer and more colorful. Harvesting is generally done by hand, ensuring that the fruits are not damaged, as damaged cherries spoil quickly.

**6. Uses:**
The Katalin cherry offers numerous uses that provide a variety of culinary delights:

- **Fresh Consumption:** The sweet and tart flavor of the fruits makes them an ideal snack for school, work, or at home. They are a rich source of vitamins, particularly Vitamin C and antioxidants, contributing to the health of both children and adults.

- **Jam and Preserves:** The Katalin cherry is a popular ingredient for making jams. Due to its rich flavor and juiciness, the jam is extremely aromatic and sweet, making it ideal for baked goods or pancakes.

- **Desserts:** The cherry is excellent for cakes, tarts, and muffins. Fresh Katalin cherries can be used to create delicious sweet pies or crumbles that everyone in the family will enjoy.

- **Dried Fruits:** The Katalin cherry can also be dried to preserve it for a long time, serving as a healthy snack. Dried cherries are ideal for snacking or can be used as an ingredient in mueslis, salads, and other dishes.

- **Juices and Smoothies:** Freshly pressed cherry juice or smoothies are particularly popular, as the natural sweetness and flavor of the cherries stand out beautifully in these beverages.

Overall, the Katalin cherry is a versatile fruit that contributes not only to everyday meals but also to festive occasions, adding richness and flavor to the culinary experience.