Quince ‘Apple quince’ - Konstantinopel – Cydonia oblonga

The quince (Cydonia oblonga) is one of the oldest fruit varieties that has become very popular in many kitchens due to its unique flavor and aroma. The Constantinople quince is a variety with a rich flavor profile that is not only consumed fresh but is also versatile in various products. Below, this variety is described in detail.

### Variety Description

**1. Appearance and Characteristics:**
The Constantinople quince tree is medium-sized, typically growing to a height of 3-5 meters. The crown of the tree is broad and sprawling, providing shade and aesthetic value to gardens. The young branches are smooth and green, while they later turn a dark brown color. The leaves are large, leathery, egg-shaped, and have a beautiful, vibrant green color. In autumn, as the fruits ripen, the leaves change color to beautiful golden and red shades. Flowering usually begins in April, producing beautiful, aromatic white or light pink flowers that attract numerous bees, aiding in pollination.

**2. Fruit:**
The Constantinople quince has large, oval fruits measuring 7-12 cm in length. Their skin is smooth, yellow or golden, sometimes with orange hues. The flesh is firm but extremely aromatic, with a sweet-tart flavor that particularly shines when cooked or steamed. The fruits typically ripen in mid to late autumn, usually between September and November, allowing the quinces to be enjoyed even in the cooler months.

**3. Cultivation and Care:**
The Constantinople quince grows best in sunny, sheltered locations, as it requires adequate light and warmth for fruit ripening. The soil should be well-drained and rich in nutrients. After planting, it is important to regularly water the young trees, particularly during dry periods. Pruning is important to maintain the shape of the tree and to promote air circulation. Spring pruning enhances the health of the tree and increases the yield.

**4. Diseases and Pests:**
The quince tree can be susceptible to various diseases such as Monilia and leaf spots. Pests such as aphids and fruit flies can also pose a threat. Regular inspections and, if necessary, the application of plant protection products are important to maintain the health of the trees. Biological control methods, such as the use of neem oil, can help manage pests.

**5. Harvest:**
The fruits of the Constantinople quince typically ripen between September and November. Ripeness can be assessed by color and firmness; the ripe quinces should be pleasantly fragrant and slightly soft. The harvest is usually done by hand, ensuring that the fruits are not damaged, as damaged fruits spoil quickly.

**6. Uses:**
The Constantinople quince offers numerous uses that provide a variety of culinary delights:

- **Fresh Consumption:** The quince is often not eaten raw, as it becomes tastier when cooked or baked. However, when ripe, it can be sliced and served with honey or yogurt, providing a unique taste experience.

- **Cooked or Steamed Dishes:** The Constantinople quince is often cooked or steamed to enhance the rich flavor of the fruit. It pairs well as a side dish to meat dishes and complements various sauces.

- **Jam and Preserves:** The quince is perfect for making jams and preserves, as the aromatic fruit releases its flavors when cooked.

- **Sweets and Desserts:** The quince is often used in various desserts, cakes, and tarts. It can add a special touch to baked goods and is a popular addition to many recipes.

- **Dried Fruits:** The Constantinople quince can also be dried to extend its shelf life, serving as a healthy snack. Dried quinces are an excellent choice for snacking or as an ingredient in mueslis and salads.